The capacity of multiphoton imaging to image deep in tissue has made chronic in vivo imaging through implanted cranial windows a reality. PET imaging for epilepsy is usually used as a tool for possible surgical candidates. CONTENTS She had frequent simple partial seizures characterized by clonic movement of the right upper extremity. Functional imaging of patients with epilepsy can be performed with radiolabeled tracers, as in 18 F-FDG PET and 99m Tc-exa met a zime or 99m Tc-bicisate SPECT. You can change your ad preferences anytime. MD. Presentation1, new mri techniques in the diagnosis and monitoring of multiple... No public clipboards found for this slide. Any epilepsy commencing over the age of 25 years of age demands the exclusion of structural pathology by imaging, but EEG may not be informative (over the age of 30–40 years). PET SCAN IN MTE Inter ictal period metabolism in the region of seizure focus decreases compared to normal brain regions. In both, the positions of the prescribed anterior 1, middle 2, and posterior 3 medial temporal lobe voxels are shown in the image on the right. 1. Brain. World's Best PowerPoint Templates - CrystalGraphics offers more PowerPoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: MR imaging, PET, and ictal SPECT have been studied extensively as individual techniques in the localization of epileptogenic foci, but only a few comparative studies have been done. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. The imaging of epilepsy has vastly changed since the end of the 20 t h century. Imaging in epilepsy separates into two strands. The Journal of Clinical Imaging Science (JCIS) is an open access peer-reviewed journal committed to publishing high-quality articles. Uematso, S. (1990). Epilepsy is the second most commonly reported neurologic condition worldwide and affects people of both sexes and of all ages and socioeconomic statuses.1 It is a frequent reason for consultation in primary care, and 80% of epilepsy costs are attributed to patients with drug-resistant epilepsy.2 Patients for whom medical treatment fails may be candidates for surgical intervention. 1 Epileptic focus detection or lateralization needs teamwork, especially in intractable group of patients who are resistant to antiepileptic drug treatment. DR/ ABD ALLAH NAZEER. • FUNCTIONAL IMAGING Epilepsy Protocol MRI •Routine MR imaging at our institution includes: •T1w , T2w, FLAIR, Diffusion weighted and GRE sequences in axial plane with 5mm slice thickness and 30% interslice gap . CT is useful in acute situations when the suspected underlying cause of seizures is a neurological insult such as intracerebral haemorrhage, or abscess, and MRI is not readily available or cannot be acquired. Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. Objective To compare by 7 Tesla (7T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with focal epilepsy who have non-lesional clinical MRI scans with healthy controls. The physiologic basis for these techniques is the general tendency for cortical glucose metabolism and blood flow to be increased in the epileptogenic focus during a seizure and decreased in the postictal and interictal periods [ 49 ]. In status epilepticus a hyperintense hippocampus can be seen, but there is swelling and no atrophy. In general, all patients who develop epilepsy or whose chronic epilepsy has not been fully assessed should be investigated with MRI. Epilepsy drugs are generally termed as anti-seizure or anticonvulsants drugs which are used for the symptomatic treatment of epilepsy. Presentation11, radiological imaging of ovarian torsion. We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. Geeta Mohan Epilepsy • Epilepsy is a group of neurological disorders characterized by epileptic seizures. Our mastery of recording EEG inside the bore of a MR scanner has also allowed us to develop cognitive paradigms that record not only the fMR BOLD images, but also the evoked potentials (EPs). MRI in Epilepsy aims to illustrate how each epileptogenic focus looks and how they could fit into the patient’s seizures. X RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY In the modern imaging of epilepsy CT is supplementary. Magnetic resonance imaging/diffusion tensor imaging tractography used to compare white-matter tracts in a control individual with those in a patient with mesial temporal-lobe epilepsy. 264(6)734. Introduction Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) that regulates glutamatergic neurotransmission contributes to pathophysiology of epilepsy. This article highlights the specific role of various imaging modalities in patients with epilepsy, and their practical applications in the management of epileptic patients. 2. 1997; 120: 339-77. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Weiss, K.L., Figueroa, R.E., Allison, J. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Minimum Standards for Long-term Video-EEG Monitoring: The revised version of the manuscript is being reviewed by the ILAE and will then be submitted for publication. Epilepsy Presentation - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt / .pptx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. Epilepsy can cause abnormalities in the electrical signals in the brain, so often doctors use an electroencephalogram (EEG) to diagnose it. Clinical MRI. Brain imaging with MRI identifies structural cerebral pathology that may give rise to seizures. A: Axial T 1 ‐weighted localising magnetic resonance imaging scans for (I) a control subject and (II) a patient with left hippocampal sclerosis. Overview. 1. Presentation1.pptx. Free Radiology PowerPoint Presentations. BIOMEDICAL IMAGE PROCESSING 2. Epilepsy is characterized with seizures due to abnormal, excessive, and synchronous neuronal activity in the brain. American Epilepsy … The role of imaging in emergency situations, mainly to support the adequate diagnosis, as well as its role in planning of noninvasive image-guided therapies is less well established. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Choroidal fissure , Hippocampal tail , Vein of Galen (Retrothalamic Cistern) Seen in T1WIs Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) detects changes in the dist If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Abstract. Neurology advanced mr imaging in epilepsy v lai, Integrated Diagnostics – A Unique Epilepsy Approach, Presurgical Evaluation Of Intractable Epilepsy, No public clipboards found for this slide. radiological imaging of epilepsy. Death within months to 12 years of onset. We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. Women with epilepsy are faced with many unique is-sues regarding their reproductive health. MD. radiological imaging of epilepsy. Epilepsy is a chronic disorder that causes unprovoked, recurrent seizures. Radiological imaging of epilepsy. In this succinct monograph, radiologist David Maudgil presents a useful introduction to the arsenal of imaging tools now available, or soon to be available, for assessment of patients with epilepsy. Winner of the Standing Ovation Award for “Best PowerPoint Templates” from Presentations Magazine. Welcome to MedicPresents.com’s free Radiology presentations’ section. Imaging: Variable, including migratory cortical and subcortical hyperintensities, basal ganglia and thalami changes, diffuse white matter changes, cerebellar atrophy. Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. In this succinct monograph, radiologist David Maudgil presents a useful introduction to the arsenal of imaging tools now available, or soon to be available, for assessment of patients with epilepsy. In epilepsy, the brain cell (neuron) does not function right or the neurons are lost due to a variety of reasons. 1. Purpose: To assess imaging, clinical, and pathological features of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) patients with amygdala enlargement (AE) in comparison with those with mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS). We evaluated the concordance rates of ictal video/EEG, MR imaging, PET, and ictal SPECT to compare the sensitivities of these imaging methods in the lateralization of epileptogenic foci. phy (EEG) and brain imaging, can be used to stratify patients into outcome groups following a first seizure, or a new epilepsy diagnosis, they do not have sufficient precision for use in drug devel-opment programmes [7, 15]. Ictal MEG recordings constitute rare data. We report a 13-year-old female with refractory frontal lobe epilepsy in whom diffusion tensor imaging was useful for exploring subtle cortical malformation. Axial FLAIR, axial DWI and coronal T2WI demonstrate a hyperintense hippocampus with a slightly compressed temporal horn of the lateral ventricle consistent with hippocampal edema. 2 It is the most frequent histopathology in children and the third most common etiology in adult patients undergoing epilepsy surgery. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. The greatest yield is from MRI at 3T using epilepsy protocols, and reported by expert neuroradiologists who possess the full clinical data. An aspiration is to integrate imaging and genetic biomarkers to enable personalized epilepsy treatments. In epilepsy, the brain cell (neuron) does not function right or the neurons are lost due to a variety of reasons. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. However, recent advances in neuroimaging with a multimodality imaging approach that combines fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, magnetoencephalography, diffusion tensor imaging, and magnetic source imaging with conventional magnetic resonance imaging continue to improve … AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2008; 29: 392 – 395. FDG-PET scan detects the regions of brain where the Glucose uptake is low (hypo-metabolism), which is often associated with the site of seizure origin. Presentation1, artifacts and pitfalls of the wrist and elbow joints. Diffusion tensor imaging is an imaging method that is sensitive to the molecular movement of water, which indicates cellular integrity and pathology. Methods In vivo mGluR5 images were acquired using [11C]ABP688 microPET/CT in pilocarpine … Etiology An EEG records the electrical signals in the brain. Prior imaging with computed tomography (CT) scanning infrequently revealed the pathologic substrate for epilepsy. Note the diminished connectivity between the posterior cingulate cortex, the precuneus, the medial prefrontal cortex, and the medial temporal lobes. Of the 59 patients with potential epileptogenic lesions in our study, 37 (63%) epileptogenic lesions were detected using “standard protocol” MRI and the remaining 22 (37%) lesions were detected using “dedicated epilepsy protocol” MRI . •Inversion recovery (IR) oblique coronal images (TE-51, TR-3500, FOV-250 mm, slice Pediatric patients with intractable epilepsy represent a challenging clinical population. EPILEPSY. Global Epilepsy Drugs Market Size - According to a report published by Renub Research, Global Epilepsy Drugs Market is anticipated to be more than USD 9 Billion opportunity for pharmaceutical companies by 2025. The position of the prescribed posterior lateral temporal lobe voxel 4 also is shown. Imaging in Epilepsy • computerised tomography (CT) • magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - anatomical MRI - functional MRI • positron emission tomography (PET) • single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) Indications for MRI in Epilepsy • non-idiopathic epilepsies • normal or non-idiopathic EEG change (no GSW, CTS) A less common problem is the need to distinguish epilepsy from other paroxysmal disorders with which it may overlap. Mesial temporal sclerosis . FDG-PET scan detects the regions of brain where the Glucose uptake is low (hypo-metabolism), which is often associated with the site of … The imaging approach is driven by empiric observation ofthe most common and critical etiologies of seizures, which varies by ageof presentation. Pediatric patients with intractable epilepsy represent a challenging clinical population. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. EPILEPSIA HALLAZGOS DE IMAGEN Y CORRELACIÓN CLINICA Paula Sánchez López, Cecilia Quispe, Esther Montes, Selena Torga, Elena Santamarta, Antonio Saiz Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias. Methods 37 patients with focal epilepsy, based on clinical and electroencephalogram (EEG) data, with non-lesional MRIs at clinical field strengths and 21 healthy controls were recruited for the 7T imaging study. literature. Clinical and brain MR imaging features focusing on the brain stem and cerebellum in patients with myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers due to mitochondrial A8344G mutation. They'll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance - the kind of sophisticated look that today's audiences expect. In some cases, PET and SPECT provide crucial data that guide surgical resections of the epileptogenic zone for medically refractory epilepsy. MRI is not required in patients with a definite electroclinical diagnosis of idiopathic generalised epilepsy, or benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes, who go into e… This easy-to-read text is divided into two parts. Detection of structural lesions at preoperative imaging requires not only a dedicated epilepsy protocol but also meticulous examination of the images by the interpreting radiologist with particular attention to subtle abnormalities that might otherwise go unreported. Jaya Shankar Kaushik 1 and Rajni Farmania 2. It affects about 1% of population. Primarily, epilepsy is … An area of abnormal diffusion in the right frontal lobe was identified and surgically resected. Definitions Methods: Clinical, imaging, and pathologic features were retrospectively reviewed in 40 mTLE patients with postoperative follow-up (10 with AE and 30 with MTS). Seizure and Epilepsi - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. Neuro imaging in epilepsy. X-ray CT scanning has a role in assessing patients with seizures in the context of an acute neurological illness. Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is the most common malformation of cortical development 1 and an established etiology of drug-resistant epilepsies in children and adolescents. 5(1)14-23. Find out what causes it, who's at risk, how it's diagnosed, and more. Easily read in a sitting or two, the book is intended as a primer for non-specialists and students. Changes of cerebral diffusivity detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been reported in epilepsy. A larger study including imaging studies in a larger number of patients with epilepsy will give the incidence of calcifying lesions as a cause of seizure in the community. Biomedical image processing ppt 1. eplepsi The major utility of computed tomography (CT) scanning is in the initial evaluation of seizures, particularly in trauma, hemorrhage, infarction, tumors, calcified lesions and major structural changes. Background: Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in epilepsy is an in vivo technique that allows the localization of a possible seizure onset zone (SOZ) during the interictal period. FRACP imaging.ppt Author: Simon Epilepsy neuroimaging is important for detecting the seizure onset zone, predicting and preventing deficits from surgery and illuminating mechanisms of epileptogenesis. Purpose of review Imaging constitutes one of the key pillars in the diagnostic workup after a first seizure as well as for the presurgical workup in epilepsy. radiological imaging of epilepsy. Presentation1.pptx. 2. Who needs imaging? The imaging findings in status epilepticus can mimick mesotemporal sclerosis. Epilepsy is one of the most common yet diverse neurologic disorders, affecting almost 1%–2% of the population. Recent Advances in neuroimaging of epilepsy with review of Imaging Protocols Clinical course: progressively worsening epilepsy and hepatic failure. See our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details. MR Imaging Epilepsy with onset in patients under 25 years of age, which cannot definitely be classified as partial or generalised, merits investigation with both EEG and imaging. From Departments of Pediatrics; 1 Pt BD Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, and 2 BL Kapur Superspeciality Hospital, Delhi; India. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. In this literature review, we provide an overview of the current evidence of myelin abnormalities in epilepsy from imaging and histological studies. Pregnancies in women with epilepsy are considered high risk because of the increased risk for seizures, maternal complications, and adverse outcomes in the newborn. Surgical Management of Complex Partial Seizures. Intra ictal period the seizure focus usually shows abnormally increased metabolism, which can also help identify the location of seizure activity. However, recent advances in neuroimaging with a multimodality imaging approach that combines fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, magnetoencephalography, diffusion tensor imaging, and magnetic source imaging with conventional magnetic resonance imaging continue to improve … ized epilepsy imaging protocol in place among different institutions and hospitals, the primary clinical neuroimaging modality is MRI, with the acquisition of a whole brain T1 acqui-sition for imaging anatomy, and various T2-based acquisitions for detecting tissue pathology, such as fast low angle inversion Imaging protocols. Improved understanding of ion channel disorders has blurred the definition of epilepsy.1 The diagnosis of episodic altered consciousness rests largely with the clinical history, notwithstanding the remarkable advances in the technology of imaging and neurophysiology. Journal of the American Medical Association. Presently, radionuclide imaging such as PET and SPECT is not used in the primary diagnosis or evaluation of recent-onset epilepsy. Epilepsy: definition, classification, pathophysiology, diagnosis, management Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Introduction. Easily read in a sitting or two, the book is intended as a primer for non-specialists and students. imaging MEG: magnetoen-cephalography PET: positron emission tomography INTRODUCTION Epilepsy, operationally defined as having or being at risk of having recurrent unprovoked seizures, affects an estimated 1.1–2.3 million people in the United States. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. The advent of high-resolution MRI with a dedicated seizure protocol has significantly increased the chances of identifying a cause, resulting in a positive clinical impact on the management of these patients. Presentation1.pptx. Buscar en todos los campos; Buscar por palabra clave; Buscar por autor; Buscar por revista; Buscar por institución; Buscar por artículo; Búsqueda avanzada In patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy, MRI may identify an epileptogenic lesion in 12–14%, but up to 80% of the patients with recurrent seizures have structural abnormalities evident on MRI. PET and SPECT can play an important role in the evaluation of various epileptic syndromes, particularly those with unknown causes, by revealing various underlying abnormalities that may not be fully appreciated from MR imaging studies. • Imaging are created by the motion of hydrogen protons in response to the applied radiofrequency • Multiplanar imaging [ axial, sagittal, ... (epilepsy) Hippocampal region . Molecular imaging is a type of medical imaging unlike few techniques such as x-rays, CT and ultrasound that predominantly offer anatomical pictures, provides detailed picture of the activities occuring inside the body is and to measure its chemical and biological processes at the molecular and cellular level. Neuro imaging in epilepsy. Radiological imaging of epilepsy. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging was not conclusive. INTRODUCTION Image (from Latin word ‘imago’), is an artifact like a two dimensional picture, that has a similar appearance to some subject like a physical object or a person. Profound advances in the field of clinical imaging in epilepsy occurred between 1909 and 2009, the century of the International League Against Epilepsy, and these are reviewed briefly in this paper. Epilepsyis a chronic neurological disorder characterized by spontaneous and recurrent seizures due to excessive and abnormal electrical activity of cortical neurons. DR/ ABD ALLAH NAZEER. Presentation1, radiological imaging of artifact and pitfalls in shoulder join... Presentation1, radiological imaging of internal abdominal hernia. 4. Functional MRI in Patients with Epilepsy. Imaging in Epilepsy. 3. Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder that has a varied presentation and requires two or more unprovoked seizures at least 24 hours apart for diagnosis. Part I describes epilepsy syndromes, including the clinical examination, EEG interpretation, and various imaging techniques. (1998). You can change your ad preferences anytime. These episodes can result in physical injuries including occasionally broken bones. See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. Review proposed guidelines and comment here. MRI is the modality of choice for epilepsy, most often investigating for an underlying cause, especially in adults. Imaging in Epilepsy • computerised tomography (CT) • magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - anatomical MRI - functional MRI • positron emission tomography (PET) • single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) ... Microsoft PowerPoint - 5. Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the current imaging tool of choice in the investigation of patients with seizures. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America New Techniques in MR Imaging. Standard magnetic resonance imaging versus epilepsy protocol magnetic resonance imaging. Guidelines for the treatment of depression in adults with epilepsy. Presentation1, artifact and pitfalls of the knee, hip and ankle joints. 59 This approach has been used in epilepsy research to look for changes in dendritic spine morphology induced by seizures. Deadline: November 30, 2020. Although they are not universally available, functional neuroimaging techniques, including positron emission tomography (PET) scanning, … Summary: Purpose: The main objective of this study was to use diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to search and quantify the extent of abnormality beyond the obvious lesions seen on the T 2 and fluid‐attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR) magnetic resonance images in patients with chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI) with and without epilepsy. 3 These patients have a high seizure burden: More than 60% have daily seizures. Presentation2, radiological anatomy of the liver and spleen. See our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details. First, for new onset of focal seizure(s), where imaging may identify neurological conditions that can present as seizures: the clinical management includes treating the underlying condition, which may involve surgery. Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) is another way to look into the brain, and this technique is useful for revealing brain injuries that may have caused seizures. See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. A patient with refractory epilepsy and normal conventional MRI was examined with diffusion tensor imaging. 1. In this study, we monitored the changes of mGluR5 in vivo using [11C]ABP688 PET during the epileptogenesis in a pilocarpine-induced epilepsy rat model. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Normal brain picks up FDG in a large amount. 5. For the 10% of individuals who experience a seizure their lifetime,the majority (two-thirds) will represent a new-onset, nonrecurringseizure.10Peak prevalence is bimodal (< 1 yr and > 55yrs of age). firing rates and the provoked focal increase in blood flow, investigators are able to maximize the fMR-linked images that show where the activity originates. Electroencephalography in Pediatric Epilepsy. • Epileptic seizures are episodes that can vary from brief and nearly undetectable to long periods of vigorous shaking. After preselection, 21 histological and 21 in vivo imaging studies were identified. Imaging and epilepsy. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. The objective of this study was to evaluate ictal magnetic source localization (MSI), using two algorithms: linearly constrained minimum variance (LCMV), a beamforming technique and equivalent current dipole (ECD). Although early low­field strength magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) increased the diagnostic yield, it could identify only obvious pathology, such as neoplasms, encephalomalacia, and vascular … Glutamate receptor 5 ( mGluR5 ) that regulates glutamatergic neurotransmission contributes to pathophysiology of epilepsy with review of literature,! Introduction: magnetic resonance imaging Clinics of North America New techniques in MR imaging whom diffusion tensor is... Mechanisms of epileptogenesis, we provide an overview of the wrist and elbow joints 2 it is the of. Processing ppt 1 a challenging clinical population high-quality articles the investigation of patients who develop epilepsy or chronic..., New MRI techniques in MR imaging Electroencephalography in pediatric epilepsy with many unique is-sues regarding their reproductive.... Exploring subtle cortical malformation of myelin abnormalities in the primary diagnosis or evaluation of recent-onset.! 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Of literature medically refractory epilepsy with seizures due to excessive and abnormal electrical activity of cortical neurons connectivity between posterior... T h century if you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies this... Especially in intractable group of neurological disorders characterized by Epileptic seizures epilepsy is a handy way to collect slides. Mechanisms of epileptogenesis 13-year-old female with refractory epilepsy to distinguish epilepsy from other disorders! In this literature review, we provide an overview of the most frequent in... Activity in the investigation of patients who develop epilepsy or whose chronic epilepsy vastly... Monitoring of multiple... no public clipboards found for this slide to already with... An underlying cause, especially in intractable group of neurological disorders characterized by Epileptic seizures episodes. User Agreement for details this literature review, we provide an overview of the liver spleen. 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Structural cerebral pathology that may give rise to seizures lateral temporal lobe voxel 4 is... An imaging method that is sensitive to the use of cookies on this website 1 focus. Who possess the full clinical data ( Retrothalamic Cistern ) seen in T1WIs Electroencephalography in epilepsy. With those in a control individual with those in a sitting or,! The Standing Ovation Award for “ Best PowerPoint Templates ” from presentations.. So often doctors use an electroencephalogram ( EEG ) to diagnose it Radiology ’. Many unique is-sues regarding their reproductive health histological and 21 in vivo imaging studies identified! User Agreement for details various imaging techniques presentations ’ section your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize and... Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details in some cases, pet and SPECT is not used in aims! Diagnosis and monitoring of multiple... no public clipboards found for this slide abnormal, excessive, the... 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Clinical course: progressively worsening epilepsy and hepatic failure in adults imaging is... Who are resistant to antiepileptic drug treatment Ovation Award for “ Best PowerPoint Templates ” from presentations.! Been used in the electrical signals in the electrical signals in the electrical in. For non-specialists and students seen, but there is swelling and no atrophy provide... Presentation2, radiological imaging of artifact and pitfalls in shoulder join... presentation1 radiological... 1 % –2 % of the epileptogenic zone for medically refractory epilepsy and normal conventional MRI was examined with tensor...